Relationship of blood pressure with the electrical signal of the heart using signal processing

Abstract

Blood pressure (BP) and the electrocardiographic (ECG) signal, or electrical signal of the heart, are physical measurements
that provide insight into the behavior of the cardiac system. This paper presents a novel methodology, where for the first time
the relationship between BP and ECG signal is shown. Initially, to perform this study, a signal sampling of ECG signals was
performed on 20 patients: eighteen healthy, between 17 and 26 years old, and two with normal BP between 50 and 78 years
old. Powerlab equipment was used to record the ECG signal, with electrodes used to capture the heart signal through the lead.
Once the signal samples were obtained, the R and T waves in particular were studied with the aim of reading the systolic and
diastolic blood pressure separately.
In order to obtain the BP with the ECG signals, we used a wavelet transform to identify the R waves and T waves, and then
to perform segmentation on the signal and extract the systole and diastole portions from the original signal. Following this
procedure, neural networks were applied in order to have a system with systolic and diastolic pressure values based on the
ECG signals. This application led to a total success rate of 97.305% for systole and 95.65% for diastole.
In conclusion, this article can be said to demonstrate the existence of a relationship between BP and ECG signals.